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exercise CXXVIII
§ 734. The Verb is after particles
We have already given some forms of is, namely —
Present tense: is mé, is tú, is é, is í, is sinn, is siḃ, is iad.
Perfect tense: do ba mé, tú, h-é, h-í, sinn, siḃ, h-iad.
§ 735. The future tense is hardly used in modern Irish. It is biḋ or buḋ mé, tú, etc. Conditional mood: do ba mé, tú, etc
§ 736. In the present tense, the verb is is omitted after particles; as, ní mé an fear; maċ í sin an áit, is not that the place? an tú an duine? Are you the person?
But is is not omitted after má, as má's aeḋ (mauch-ah'), if it is, if so.
§ 737. In the perfect tense, ba is usually omitted after particles, when the word following ba begins with a consonant.
§ 738. Notice that before the past tense of is (and this is true of all verbs except a few), that instead of the particles ní, an, naċ, the forms níor (neer), ar (ăr), naċar or nár (naur) are used. These are formed by the addition of the particle ro, sign of the past tense, to ní, an , naċ.
| ní h-é sin an sagairt | that is not the priest. |
| níor ḃa é (ḃ'e)sin an sagart | that was not the priest |
| an í so an ḃean? | Is this the woman? |
| ar ḃa í or ar ḃí so an ḃean? | Was this the woman? |
| naċ árd an cnoc é? | Is it not a high hill? |
| nár ḃa árd or nár ḃ'árd an cnoc é? | Was it not a high hill? |
Níór ḃa é, ar ḃa é? Nár ḃa é, etc can be written in their shortened forms, níorḃ é, arḃ é? nárḃ é?
§ 739. When ba is followed by a word beginning with a consonant, it is usually omitted. The aspiration of the following consonants is often the only trace left of ba.
Ní mór an teaċ é, it is not a big house. Níor (bha) ṁór (neer Wōr) an teaċ é, it was not a big house. An maiṫ leat an áit so, do you like this place? Ar (ḃa) ṁaiṫ (ăr woh) leat an áit úd, did you like that place? Naċ beag an luaċ é, nár (bha) ḃeag (veG) an luaċ é, is it not, was it not a small price?
§ 740.
| Ceart | k-yarth | right |
| cóir | kō-ir | just, proper |
| is ceart duit | you ought to | |
| is cóir duit | ||
| ní cóir duit | you ought not to, it is not right to | |
| ní ceart duit | ||
| ba ċeart duinn | h-yarth | we ought to |
| níor (ḃa) ċóir ḋó | (CHō'-rr | he ought not to |
§ 741. Bá ċóir duit dul a ḃaile anois, a Pádraig, agus muna mbéiḋ deifir ort, ní béiḋ solas agat. Nár ċóir ḋuit féin dul a ḃaile liom, a Ṡeamuis? Níor ċeart do Niall ḃeiṫ ag obair indiu. Leig do sgíṫ, a Ṗádraig, ná ḃí ag obair anois agus an oiḋċe ann (when it is night, lit, and the night in it). Nár ċeart dó teaċt a ḃaile nuair fuair sé fuaċt? Ba ċeart go deiṁin, aċt ní ṫáinig sé, ní raiḃ deifir air. "Níor ċóir do Ṗádraig ḃeiṫ annso, " arra'n seanduine, agus annsin ċuaiḋ Pádraig a ḃaile.
note that
phonetic
symbols
are not
necessarily pronounced
as in English