kingdoms Notes
Egyptian history is broken down into kingdoms, or periods. These are logical breaks in the dynasties based on archeological periods, architecture, etc. It's probably easier to view the pharaohs either by dynasty or by name, but I've included below links to the major kingdons as a starting point.
From each kingdom page, you can walk through the chronology, dynasty by dynasty or pharaoh by pharaoh, or jump around to see who you are interested in. For a complete list, see the pharaoh index to this site to find a particular pharaoh.
| Dynasty | Dates |
| predynastic (naqada) | pre 3100 BCE |
| early dynastic | 3100 - 2686 BCE |
| old kingdom | 2686 - 2181 BCE |
| first intermediate period | 2181 - 2025 BCE |
| middle kingdom | 2025 - 1700 BCE |
| second intermediate period | 1700 - 1550 BCE |
| new kingdom | 1550 - 1069 BCE |
| third intermediate period | 1069 - 664 BCE |
| late kingdom | 664 -343 BCE |
| second persian period | 343 - 332 BCE |
| graeco-roman period | 332 BCE - 640 CE |
| islamic period | 640 - 1517 |
| ottoman period | 1517 - 1805 |
| khedival period | 1805 - 1919 |
| monarchy | 1919 - 1953 |
| republic | 1953 - today |
The dates are the commonly accepted chronology, which has a few competing sequences. Dates for each pharaoh are listed, with alternate dates by differeing egyptologists shown when they exist.
pharaohs